Minulý čas priebehový - Past Continuous (progressive)
Podmet |
Kladná oznamovacia veta |
Zápor |
Otázka |
I |
was working |
was not (wasn´t) working |
Was I working? |
You |
were working |
were not (weren´t) working |
Were you working? |
He/She/It |
was working |
was not ( wasn´t) working |
Was he/she/it working |
We |
were working |
were not (weren´t) working |
Were we working? |
You |
were working |
were not (weren´t) working |
Were you working? |
They |
were working |
were not (weren´t) working |
Were they working? |
Kladná oznamovacia veta [podmet + "was/were" + ingPS]
Minulý čas priebehový tvoríme pomocným slovesom be v minulom čase (was/were) a -ingovým tvarom plnovýznamového slovesa.
I was watching TV when he called.
They were wearing long skirts.
Zápor [podmet + "was/were" + "not" + -ingPS]
Zápor tvoríme pridanám záporného výrazu not k pomocnému slovesu be pred -ingový tvar plnovýznamového slovesa.
I was not working when you came in.
We were not arguing.
It wasn´t raining when I woke up.
They weren´t paying attention.
Otázka [(opytovací výraz) + "was/were" + podmet + -ingPS?]
Otázku tvoríme obrátením slovosledu: sloveso be stojí pred podmetom
Was she cooking when you arrived?
Were you sleeping when I rang?
What were they doing when you opened the door?
Where was Peter going when I saw him?
Použitie
Minulý čas priebehový vyjadruje dej, ktorý bol v určitom momente v minulosti v priebehu. Tento dej porovnávame s iným - buď kratším, alebo trvajúcim rovnako dlho.
Dej, ktorý prebiehal v určitom, presne uvedenom momente v minulosti (bez ohľadu na začiatok či koniec deja). Dej nevnímame ako celok, len zvýrazňujeme jeden okamih:
This time last week, I was sunbathing on the beach.
At 5.45 yesterday, I was watching TV.
This time yewsterday, I was getting off the train.
Vo vete je vždy príslovkové určenie času ( presný čas alebo väzby s this time + čas v minulosti).
Na zdôraznenie priebehu, trvania a dĺžky deja s príslovkovým určením obsahujúcim all:
The baby was crying all night.
I was working all day yesterday.
Najčastejšie sa používa v súvetí v kombinácií s minulým časom jednoduchým. Priebehový čas vyjadruje dlhší dej, v priebehu ktorého sa odohrá kratší dej (minulý čas jednoduchý), ktorý ho často náhle a nečakane preruší:
We were watching TV when there was a power cut.
When I washaving a shower, the phone rang.
What were you doing when he called?
Opis pozadia a okolností počas rozprávania príbehu. Hlavné deje sú vyjadrené minulým časom jednoduchým:
When I arrived at the party, Jack was telling jokes but nobody was laughing.
A few people were dancig, but most of them were just sitting around, looking bored. I took a drink and joined Kathy on the sofa.
Dva približne rovnako dlhé , zároveň prebiehajúce deje (spojené spojkou while):
While I was listening to music, my sister was doing her homework.
Väzba was/were going to + PS vyjadruje úmysel v minulosti, zvyčajne neuskutočnený:
I was goingto tell her about it, but I forgot.
She was going to invite them to the party but James told her not to.
Vo zdvorilostných väzbách so slovesami wonder a want, kde význam v skutočnosti nie je minulý, ale hypotetický ? Chcel by som, rád by som":
Ii was wondering if you could help me.
I was wanting to ask you if I could leave early today.
Tieto vety znejú oveľa zdovrilejšie ( niekedy až nesmelo)než vety :
I wondered/wonder of you could help me. I wanted/want to ask you id I could leave early today.
So slovesom thing vyjadruje neistotu:
I was thinking of visiting you next weekend.
Opakovaný dej v minulosti s citovým zafarbením (otravný zvyk, príliš častý dej) s príslovkami always, forever, continually atď.:
After she broke up with Peter, Rachel was always calling me late at night, crying on the phone.